RISK ASSESSMENT-INSTALLATION OF MDB, SMDB, DB, MCC& CB

Sub-Activities & Identified Hazards 

1. Prepare the work area

• Unauthorized, untrained workers

2. Manual Handling

• Incorrect lifting of loads
• Sharp edges.
• Placing the object while fingers are underneath.
• Slip/trip/fall (same level)
• Unsafe posture

3. Traffic and road management

• Collision with vehicles
• Poor identification
• Unauthorized/ untrained Operator/ driver, bank men
• Poor access to vehicle
• Public movement

4. Unloading and shifting panels and accessories using a crane and forklift

• Unauthorized, Untrained Workers
• Failure of lifting tools & tackles.
• Failure of lifting equipment.
• Swinging of material
• Damaged sling/wire rope or a chain sling
• Poor maintenance of the vehicle
• Speedy operation
• Overturn
• Overload

5. Stacking and Storing

• Unauthorized, untrained workers
• Material fall from height
• Improper stacking
• Collapse of materials

6. Working with Hand tools.

• Slip, trip and fall
• Damaged warn out hand tools
• Flying objects

7. Working with power tools (Grinder, Drill machine)

• Defective equipment
• Electricity
• Improper use of equipment
• Poor maintenance
• Untrained workers
• Flying object
• Noise and vibration
• Fire
• Dust

8. Working with ladder

• Person/ material falling from a ladder
• Overreaching
• Overloading
• Obstructions overhead/ adjacent to the work location
• Slippery or uneven surface

9. Working on mobile scaffold

• Uneven surface
• Overhead structure and cable
• Materials and workers fall from height
• Untrained, unauthorized Workers
• Collapse of scaffold

10. Working in near floor openings

• Material/equipment fall from height
• Slip/trip/fall

11. Installation of panels, glanding, termination

• Untrained, unauthorized Workers
• Material Fall
• Sharp edges
• Unsafe posture
• Slip, trip and fall

12. Working in hot weather

• Heat Stress

13. While working at night shift

• Poor illumination
• Slip/trip/fall

14. Work Completion

• Poor housekeeping
• Slip/trip/fall

Control Measures

TBT/DSTI to be conducted by the foreman/ safety officer before work commencement

Task-specific safety training to be provided

Authorized personnel to undertake the job

Daily safety inspection should be carried out and eliminate the hazard.

Any lifting tasks shall be carried out by persons physically capable of doing so

No employee should be asked to carry loads above his capacity and in any case, no load shall exceed 30kg per man.

The mass of the load is more than to be equally shared

Deploying enough personnel for lifting shall be appointed to the task depending upon the type of load to be lifted.

Use easy mode of transport like trolley etc.

Load not to be lifted above your shoulder Height

Keep your fingers away from the pinch point While placing the load

Area to be illuminated with adequate lighting.

Do not use pedestrian access for shifting materials, or tools by hand. It should be used through mechanical aids only.

Proper personal protective equipments to be used while manual handling of materials and loads.

Before starting obtain all relevant approval from the traffic department in connection to the use of the road.

PTW is to be approved by the Consultant/Contractor before starting the activity.

Trained and experienced operators/drivers and bank men are to be appointed for the activity.

Restricted to unauthorized and public entry into the area.

Public vehicles and transport to be restricted to enter the work area and proper alternative ways to be provided.

Warning sign boards to be placed and the area to be well barricaded.

High visibility vest to be provided to flagman to increase visibility.

Flagman to be positioned to the areas wherever required.

Close supervision is to be done at all times.

Ensure the crane and forklift engaged are tested and have a valid license and the operator has a valid license and approved 3rd party certificate.

Engage trained and certified bank man & rigger.

Barrication and warning signs into the area where lifting operation is carried out and restrict entry.

A checklist should be carried out to their vehicles by the operator before starting any work

Use a tagline for control of swing and alignment.

The crane must be stopped when the wind speed exceeds 38km/hr.

SWL should be marked on the crane and should be checked that is functioning.

The crane and trucks shall be periodically maintained and a periodical check has been done by the maintenance team.

Vehicle not to be left unattended at the site (i.e., to be switched off mode if required and keys removed)

SWL shall not be exceeded.

The load should be secured properly with the equipment.

Operators and rigger must wear high-level reflecting vests and adequate PPE (Shoes, helmet, leather gloves, goggles, overall)

All materials shall be stored below 2 meters in height.

If the material is too heavy, use the hydraulic trolley to shift the material.

No storage of materials is to be done in the workplace, only the required quantity to be taken for the job.

Personnel protective equipment must worn at all times during the activity. (Helmet, shoe, vest, overall, gloves, goggles, mask.)

Defective tools should not be issued or used to perform the task, they are to be checked by the storekeeper

Don’t extend the spanner by using a pipe as an extension bar.

Never use a file as a lever

Never use a screwdriver as a chisel

Don’t work with oily or greased hands

Use eye/ face protection when there is a flying materials hazard, and wear gloves while required to protect the hands

Use the right tools for the job

PTW is to be applied and obtained before the start If spark producing activity is performed

Defective tools should not be issued or used to perform a task.

Monthly inspection should be carried out by the

electrician and record to be kept at the store

All portable power tools should be fitted with adequate fuse protection either in the tool body or in its electrical plug.

The weight, size and type of tool should be selected to suit the job being carried out.

Don’t lay the cables around the access way, it should be proper routing

Industrial distribution board and socket only to be used at the site

No joints shall be made in electrical cable.

Trained and trained card-holding person only to operate suitable power tools.

Cable hangers shall be used to avoid the direct contact of power tools cable with the scaffolding members.

The electrical connection shall be routed through ELCB only.

The correct rate of ELCB should be used ( Ex:- 30ma is only acceptable)

Only those persons who have been adequately trained and experienced in the use of the tool should be allowed to use the same.

Power tools shall have inspection stickers.

Tools should be stored and maintained in good working condition.

Appropriate PPE Should be used ( Goggles, Mask, Earplug, Gloves, Shoe, Helmet, Overall, Vest )

The ladder should extend a minimum of one meter from the top for safe movement

Heavy materials should not be carried

Do not erect on the slippery, uneven surface

Should be set up with a 4 vertical to 1 horizontal slope( 4:1 )

Inspection and maintenance are to be registered and recorded by the storekeeper

The step ladder must be fully open and locked and the devices to be as per the manufacturer

The defective ladder should not be used and reported immediately

Do not work from the top of two rungs

Remember the 3-point contact

Do not work in front of the door. If work is carried then locked the door or blocked off

The ladder to be used for short duration works only limited to 15 min.

Colour colour-coded system to be implemented

Beware of overhead protrusions while climbing up the ladder.

Do not stack materials onto the scaffold

Visual inspection should be carried out before use

The outrigger is fitted and breaks are locked on

Only trained scaffolders shall be involved in erection & dismantling activities.

No person is to be on the scaffold while it is being moved

Scaffolds are only used on level and surface area

Safety harness to be used above 2mtr height and anchored in above shoulder height at all time

Tagging system to be implemented ( i.e., all safe scaffolds shall be provided with green tags and unsafe scaffolds with red tags)

Keep walkways free of obstacles, tools and Equipment

Never stand and sit on the handrails

Mobile scaffold height should be restricted to 3.5 to 4 times the shortest base width if the height of the scaffold exceeds raked support or if it should be tied to the structure properly.

PTW is to be applied and obtained before starting work

Authorized person to do the job.

Rigid Barrication and toe board to be provided to all external edges and where a fall can occur.

Warning signboards are to be provided in those areas.

PPE to be used at all times ( Helmet, Shoes, Vest, Overall, Harness )

Authorized personnel to undertake the job

The work location shall be inspected by the concerned supervisor/foreman.

Close supervision is to be done at all times

Materials should not be kept in walkways and edge of the opening.

Proper communication is to be maintained between the workers while doing the installation.

Maintain a good housekeeping policy to prevent slip, trip, and fall hazards.

PPE to be worn at all times( Gloves, goggles, mask, helmet, shoe, vest, overall)

Emergency procedures are to be briefed to all personnel before starting the activity.

Emergency evacuation plan shall be readily available according to site conditions and briefed to the workforce before start.

Trained first aider, fire warden and emergency vehicle to be available at the site during the activity.

Drink plenty of water

Employees shall be trained about heat stress symptoms & first aid measures.

Avoid highly physical tasks during the hottest part of the day

Isotonic drinks to be provided

Proper illumination is to be provided light posts are to be secured from fall

Proper cable management system to be Followed

All materials are to be staged appropriately without obstacles

General housekeeping, Remove all surface, and unwanted waste materials from the building

All necessary precautions will be adopted to prevent fire

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HSE DOCUMENTS-VISITOR'S HSE ORIENTATION

Table of Contents

1.0. RESPONSIBILITIES

2.0. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

2.1. Clothing

2.2. Eye Protection

2.3. Hearing Protection

2.4. Respiratory Protection

3.0. FIRST AID/INJURY CARE

4.0. EMERGENCIES

4.1. Emergency Phone Numbers

4.2. Emergency Message

4.3. Emergency Evacuation

4.4. Fire

5.0. EQUIPMENT AND PROCEDURES

6.0. ACCESS RESTRICTIONS

7.0. VISITOR VEHICLE USE

8.0. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

9.0. REPORTING OF INCIDENTS OR HAZARDS

10.0. GENERAL BEHAVIOR

11.0. DISCRIMINATION AND HARASSMENT

12.0. ACHIEVING WORLD’S BEST PRACTICE

13.0. VISITOR IDENTIFICATION

1.0. RESPONSIBILITIES

Comply with instructions.

Take care of your own safety; make sure the way you do your work doesn’t affect other people’s safety.

Follow all site rules.

Familiarize yourself with the task at hand; if you need help, ask your workgroup leader.

Be supervised at all times.

Correct or report to your supervisor any hazards or dangerous situations that you may identify in the workplace.

Immediately report any near-miss situations (using the Incident Investigation Report).

Immediately report all injuries to your supervisor.

Immediately report all damage.

Take notice of, and comply with, all warning and advisory signs (supervisor to show attendee samples of mandatory and advisory signs).

Do not enter any work areas without approval or without being accompanied.

Do not take any photographs without prior project approval.

2.0. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT 

Listed below are the minimum site requirements and the required site-specific personal protective equipment (PPE):

2.1. Clothing

To reduce the risk of skin damage, abrasions, and cuts, the minimum site safety clothing requirement consists of a sleeved and collared shirt, long trousers or overalls, and substantial protective footwear.  (The supervisor will verify that the attendee has protective clothing and equipment.)

A hard hat will be worn in all site areas except lunchrooms, offices, and toilet blocks.

To reduce the risk of skin cancer and dermatitis, the use of sunscreen and barrier cream along with wide safety helmet brims are recommended (supervisor to show attendee where to obtain sunscreen and barrier cream)

Gloves will be supplied and must be used where appropriate (such as welding, using hazardous substances, and handling sharp or rough materials).

2.2. Eye Protection

Except for lunchrooms and offices, approved safety glasses with side shields must be worn at all times while on site.

In addition to safety glasses, appropriate full-face shields or mono-goggles must be worn when grinding, welding, using abrasive disc-type drop saws, etc.

2.3. Hearing Protection

Earmuffs or earplugs must be worn in sign-posted areas, around noisy machinery and equipment, or when undertaking noisy tasks such as grinding and using pneumatic tools.

2.4. Respiratory Protection

Specific respirators must be worn around dust, welding fumes, coatings, paint, and other relevant solvents and airborne contaminants.

Exhaust fan extraction units must be used where available and appropriate.

3.0. FIRST AID/INJURY CARE

You must know the location of the first-aid facility or the emergency contact number for the first-aid facility, and how to obtain first aid (supervisor to show attendee where the first-aid facility is located)

Notify the first-aid facility or first-aid provider of all injuries no matter how minor (supervisor to explain to attendee how to report injuries)

Notify your supervisor of all injuries no matter how minor (supervisor to show attendee the  Incident Investigation Report and discuss with them how it is to be used)

If you are on any medication, you must notify your Safety HSE Representative or supervisor and the onsite first-aid provider for emergency purposes.

4.0. EMERGENCIES

Report emergencies immediately.  Remain at the site if safe to do so.

4.1. Emergency Phone Numbers

For critical, immediate emergency assistance, dial 000-0000.

Project Management and other relevant emergency contact numbers should be known or accessible.

4.2. Emergency Message

The emergency message should contain:

Your name

Nature of the emergency (injury, fire, environmental, equipment failure)

Location (give as much information as possible - be specific)

Number of persons injured and types of injury (if known)

Note: Do not hang up until instructed to do so; remain at the site (unless it is unsafe to do so).

4.3. Emergency Evacuation

Site emergency alarms, their relevance, and when they are tested, if applicable.

Emergency evacuation procedure and all primary evacuation assembly areas. Movements may change with prevailing winds. 

The final decision as to the direction is at the Site Manager’s discretion.

4.4. Fire

Before work commences, know the location of fire-fighting equipment in your work area (supervisor to point out).

In the event of a fire:

Raise the alarm

If properly trained and it is safe to do so, attempt to fight the fire

Contact the Site Manager or the HSE Representative to explain the circumstances

Be available for any follow-up or incident investigation

5.0. EQUIPMENT AND PROCEDURES

At all times personnel will work safely with due care and diligence to reduce the risk of injury and damage.

Equipment with an Out of Service tag attached will not be used.

Report faulty or suspect equipment to the supervisor.

Do not interfere with or alter in any way, any safety device.

At all times comply with correct manual handling techniques, as well as other site-specific safe work practices.

6.0. ACCESS RESTRICTIONS  

Visitors must be accompanied at all times by an employee who has successfully completed orientation training.

Minimize unauthorized personnel within the work area.

Unauthorized personnel found in the area are to be removed immediately. 

Contractors required to work on-site must report to Project administration before proceeding on-site and gain specific approval to work.

Always walk within designated walkways. When moving throughout the site area, always exercise extreme caution and give way to all vehicles, plant, and machinery (supervisor to show restricted areas)

Only authorized personnel accompanied by a supervisor are permitted entry to “Restricted Access” or “Authorized Entry” areas.

7.0. VISITOR VEHICLE USE

Visitors are not permitted to drive or operate a vehicle or equipment/plant on the project/site at any time.

Visitors driving to the project/site must stay on designated roads.

When driving to the project/site, the speed limits for all vehicles, plant, and machinery are as sign-posted/regulated.

Passengers are not allowed in any vehicle, plant, or machinery unless there is a proper seat and seat belt for them.

Personnel must wear seatbelts at all times while in a vehicle.

The use of cell phones while driving is discouraged.

On arrival at the project/site, visitors report to the Security gate and wait to be escorted to the designated office.

After arrival, visitors will be trained immediately.

8.0. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

It is the responsibility of all personnel to comply with the current environmental protection legislation, regulations, and environmental protection authority rules.

Dumping of rubbish, unused oils, greases, or parts is not permitted. General rubbish will be disposed of by an independent contractor. Oil and grease disposal will be transported and stored at the hydrocarbon storage facility.

In the case of any contamination, the supervisor will be notified immediately.

Recycling and proper storage of waste wood, oil, scrap metal, and paper are required at all times (supervisor to show the location of recycling bins).

9.0. REPORTING OF INCIDENTS OR HAZARDS

If you identify a hazard on site, correct it if possible and/or report it to your immediate supervisor.

All incidents or near misses must be reported to your immediate supervisor.

All reported incidents and near misses will be investigated and corrective action carried out.

All machinery failure.

When required, the supervisor will complete an Incident Investigation Report and forward it to the Site HSE Representative for review.

10.0. GENERAL BEHAVIOR

Personnel under the influence of alcohol or illegal drugs will not be allowed to remain on site.

Firearms, pets, fighting, gambling, or horseplay are all prohibited on site.

Amenities are for all to use and enjoy. Destruction and vandalism will not be tolerated and will lead to disciplinary action.

Private vehicles or motorbikes are not allowed.

11.0. DISCRIMINATION AND HARASSMENT 

Discrimination or harassment of any kind will not be tolerated.

Racial slurs are not permitted. Certain behaviors or jokes may not be appreciated or even understood by some personnel. Care must be taken not to offend.

Discriminatory or explicitly offensive material must not be displayed.

Sexual gestures or harassment are not permitted.

Report any perceived harassment or discrimination to your supervisor.

12.0. ACHIEVING WORLD’S BEST PRACTICE

Be actively involved in work planning, safety meetings, and training.

Always look for an opportunity to improve the work methods, reduce hazards, and minimize costs.

Recognize and acknowledge good work performances.

13.0. VISITOR IDENTIFICATION

Visitors on site will be required to attend a Visitor HSE Orientation before entry.

Visitors will be required to report to the project/site office upon arrival.

Visitors will be required to sign the register and wear an identification badge at all times while on site.

Visitors will wear a specific colored hard hat and/or a designated visitor’s high-visibility vest that will clearly identify them as being visitors.

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HSE DOCUMENTS-METHOD STATEMENT FOR DRY-TYPE TRANSFORMER INSTALLATION

1.0. Purpose:

This Method Statement uploaded by HSE Documents covers for dry type Installation of Transformer.

2.0. Scope of Work:

This procedure uploaded by HSE Documents defines the method to be used to ensure that the Installation Transformer Installation is correct and acceptable and shall conform to the specifications.

3.0. References:

3.1. QA/QC

3.2. Project Specifications

3.3. Approved Drawings

3.4. Approved Material Submittal

3.5. Approved Safety Plan.

3.6. Approved Shop Drawings

3.7. QA/QC Installation

3.8. Regulations 

4.0. Responsible Personnel on Site:

4.1. Electrical Field Engineers

4.2. Safety Officer

4.3. QA/QC Engineer

4.4. Electrical Superintendent

4.5. Approved HV subcontractor for termination of the incoming cable to the panel

5.0. Safety:

5.1. All safety precautions shall be followed as per the approved safety plan & procedure.

5.2. Ensure all involved persons are aware of the same.

5.3. Safety Officer to ensure that all tools and equipment are suitable and in good condition.

5.4. Ensure that all tradesmen shall leave their working places clean, tidy and free of rubbish.

5.5. All lifting equipment shall be checked for capacity.

5.6. Hot work permit for using electric tools drill, grinder, etc. 

6.0. Delivery:

6.1. The approved transformer.

6.2. The transformer is dry type, 11KV/415, 1600 KVA, 3phase, 50 Hz.

6.3. Check for any damages, or scratches on packing before acceptance of delivery.

6.4. Check the KVA capacity, voltage, and country of origin and be sure are

6.5. And by the approved material submittal (IA) 

7.0. Storage:

7.1. Use a forklift or mobile crane to off-load transformers. Make sure that the capacity of

7.2. Forklift or mobile crane can carry the weight of the transformer,  

7.3. Offloading transformer on tile designated offloading area. Proper care must be observed during offloading to prevent unnecessary damage to the transformer.

7.4. Move the transformer to a dry and clean storage area through the use of the forklift.

7.5. Ensure that the transformer is properly protected and covered by tarpaulin.

7.6. Submit the material delivery form to the consultant for their inspection and approval.

8.0. Pre-Installation:

8.1. All materials and documentation relevant to this particular section of works shall be checked before installation and all the installation shall be as per regularity authority for electricity and water drawings.

8.2. Before any permanent work will be started, inspection of all materials, tools and accessories shall be carried out.

8.3. Cables shall be checked for continuity and insulation resistance and records shall be kept for future reference.

8.4. Ensure that proper access is to execute the works in a suitable condition and free from obstruction.

9.0. Installation Procedure:

9.1. It has been presumed that all related civil works have been completed before transformer installation

9.2. Before the transformer is delivered to the site, check that the transformer railing is fixed as per drawings and complies with the local Electricity Authority

9.3. Move the transformers from the storage area using a forklift and set them in position near the transformer room. Make sure that the orientation of the transformer about the position of cable entries is correct. 

9.4. Check the mechanical operation of the off-load tap changer and on-load tap changer through the complete tap range. Verify that the movement is positive.

9.5. Push in the transformer inside its room. Set the transformers on their final positions and make sure that they are properly secured and protected.

9.6. The polarity of the transformer shall be verified.

9.7. Dress and terminate the incoming and outgoing cables on the transformers. Ensure that the cables are supported properly. Cable glands and lugs shall be from an approved manufacturer.

9.8. After termination works have been completed, clean the transformer cable box and ensure that it is free from foreign materials. Ensure that all the connections are

9.9. Properly tight through the use of a torque wrench

9.10. Cover the cable boxes. Bolts and nuts must be tightened properly. Make sure that the transformer room is clean and free from foreign materials.

9.11. The transformer will be connected to a designated earthing pit using the earthing cable.

10.0. Tools

10.1. Electric-powered tools: Drill, grinder.

10.2. Hand tools: Screwdrivers, pliers, wrenches, crowbar and hammer.

10.3. Meters: Earth resistance test meter, insulation test meter, 11KV test meter.

10.4. Mechanical test tools: Torque wrench.

11.0. Inspection:

11.1. A 2 request for inspection shall be raised. One request after the installation of transformers and the second after cable termination.

11.2. Before energizing, as per regularity authority for electricity and water engineer will inspect and test the transformer

12.0. Attachments:

12.1. Risk assessment

12.2. Checklist

12.3. PTW

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HSE DOCUMENTS-METHODnotches helps STATEMENT FOR LAYING WALL AND FLOOR TILES

Table of Contents

1.0. SCOPE OF WORK

2.0. MATERIAL

3.0. MACHINERY OR TOOLS AND FUNCTIONALITY

4.0. HYGIENE AND SAFETY MEASURES

5.0. PRIOR CONSIDERATIONS

6.0. LAYING THE TILES ON WALLS

7.0. LAYING THE TILES ON FLOORS

8.0. HOUSEKEEPING

9.0. ATTACHMENTS

1.0. SCOPE OF WORK

Laying Wall and Floor Tiles

2.0. MATERIAL

2.1. Tiles: 

The main material is available in various forms, such as ceramic, porcelain, marble, etc.

2.2. Thin-set mortar/adhesive: 

Used to adhere the tiles to the substrate. The type of mortar depends on the kind of tiles and the substrate.

2.3. Grout:

Fills the gaps between tiles. Grout comes in various colors and types, such as sanded or without sand, depending on the width of the tile joints.

2.4. Backer board or cement board: 

Provides a stable surface for tiles and is commonly used on walls or floors. It helps prevent the growth of mold and mildew.

2.5. Tile spacers: 

Maintain consistent gaps between tiles for grout lines. The size of the spacers depends on the desired joint width.

2.6. Trowel: 

Used to spread thin-set mortar onto the substrate. The size and type of trowel depend on the size and type of tiles.

2.7. Tile cutter or wet saw: 

For cutting tiles to fit around edges, corners, or obstacles.

2.8. Level:

Ensures that the tiles are installed evenly and on a level surface.

2.9. Rubber mallet: 

It helps gently tap tiles into place without damaging them.

2.10. Notched trowel: 

A trowel with notcheshelps create an even layer of mortar on the substrate.

2.11. Bucket and mixing paddle: 

For mixing mortar or grout according to the manufacturer's instructions.

2.12. Sponge and bucket of water: 

Used for cleaning excess mortar or grout from the tiles during and after installation.

2.13. Caulk and caulk gun: 

This is for sealing joints and edges, especially in areas prone to water exposure.

2.14. Sealer (if required): 

Some types of tiles, like natural stone, may require sealing to protect them from stains and moisture.

2.15. Gloves and safety glasses: 

To protect your hands and eyes during the installation process.

3.0. MACHINERY OR TOOLS AND FUNCTIONALITY

3.1. Tile Cutter:

Manual tile cutter or wet saw for cutting tiles to fit specific spaces.

3.2. Tile Nippers:

Used for cutting small, irregular shapes or for making notches in tiles.

3.3. Tile Spacers:

Maintain consistent gaps between tiles for grout lines. The size of spacers depends on the desired grout line width.

3.4. Trowel:

V-notch or square-notch trowel for spreading adhesive or mortar on the substrate.

3.5. Grout Float:

Used to apply and press grout into the spaces between tiles. It helps smooth and level the grout lines.

3.6. Rubber Mallet:

For gently tapping tiles into place without damaging them.

3.7. Level:

Ensures that tiles are installed evenly and at the same height.

3.8. Measuring Tape and Straight Edge:

Measure and mark guidelines for precise tile placement.

3.9. Chalk Line:

Helps create straight reference lines on the substrate for aligning tiles.

3.10. Margin Trowel:

Used for mixing thin-set mortar or adhesive.

3.11. Bucket and Mixing Paddle:

For mixing mortar or adhesive.

3.12. Notched Trowel:

Helps achieve a uniform thickness of adhesive on the substrate.

3.13. Sponge and Bucket of Water:

Wipe off excess grout and clean tiles during the installation process.

3.14. Wet Saw:

Electric or manual saw with a diamond blade for cutting tiles, especially for straight or diagonal cuts.

3.15. Tile Edging Strips:

Metal or plastic strips provide a finished edge for exposed tile edges, like in the case of a countertop or staircase.

3.16. Tile Sealer:

Used to seal porous tiles and grout lines after installation.

3.17. Knee Pads:

Provide comfort and protection for your knees during the installation process.

3.18. Safety Gear:

Gloves and safety glasses to protect against potential injuries.

4.0. HYGIENE AND SAFETY MEASURES

Laying wall and floor tiles requires careful planning and execution to ensure a successful and safe installation. The following are some safety measures you should consider:

4.1. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):

Wear appropriate PPE, including safety glasses or goggles to protect your eyes from flying debris.

Use knee pads to protect your knees during floor tile installation.

Wear gloves to protect your hands from sharp edges and abrasive materials.

4.2. Dust Control:

Use a dust mask or respirator to protect yourself from inhaling dust generated during tile cutting or grinding.

Keep the work area well-ventilated to minimize dust accumulation.

4.3. Tools and Equipment:

Ensure all tools and equipment are in good working condition.

Follow the manufacturer's guidelines for the safe use of tools such as tile cutters, grinders, and saws.

4.4. Electricity Safety:

When using power tools, make sure electrical cords are in good condition and free of damage.

Use ground fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs) for electrical outlets in wet areas to prevent electric shock.

4.5. Ladder Safety:

If working at heights, use a stable and properly positioned ladder.

Follow ladder safety guidelines to avoid falls and injuries.

4.6. Surface Preparation:

Ensure that the surface where tiles will be installed is clean, dry, and structurally sound.

Repair any cracks or defects in the substrate before tile installation.

4.7. Adhesive and Grout Safety:

Follow the manufacturer's instructions for handling and mixing tile adhesives and grouts.

Use appropriate personal protective equipment when working with adhesives and grouts.

4.8. Tile Cutting Safety:

Use proper safety guards and guides when cutting tiles with a wet saw or tile cutter.

Secure tiles firmly before cutting to prevent slippage.

4.9. Heavy Lifting:

Use proper lifting techniques when handling heavy tiles to prevent back injuries.

Seek assistance when moving large or heavy materials.

4.10. Emergency Preparedness:

Have a first aid kit on hand in case of minor injuries.

Know the location of emergency exits and fire extinguishers in the work area.

4.11. Follow Building Codes:

Adhere to local building codes and regulations for tile installation to ensure safety and compliance. When rectified tiles are handled, all necessary safety precautions should be taken. For this purpose, use:

• Protective gloves
• Safety goggles
• Mask
• Vacuum cleaner

5.0. PRIOR CONSIDERATIONS

1.1. Environmental conditions

1.1.1. Application temperature of cement-based adhesive: +5ºC to +35ºC.

1.1.2. Cement-based adhesive should not be used when there is a risk of frost or ice or during very hot weather. 

1.1.3. Cement-based adhesive should not be used on rainy days either.

1.1.4. When floors are tiled, different types of joints should be taken into account.

1.2. Joints planned by the project engineer or architect:

1.1.5. Structural joints, detailed in the building plans. They absorb the movements of the building. These joints should be left in place and never covered over with tiles.

1.1.6. Perimeter joints. They isolate the paved floor from other surfaces, such as the meeting point between two walls or the wall and floor, changes of plane, or meeting points with other types of materials.

1.1.7. These joints should have a minimum width of 5 mm / 0.20” and they should be continuous. They help to offset any accumulated stress that might otherwise push up the tiles.

1.1.8. They can be filled with a compressible material like expanded polystyrene or silicon or be concealed by skirting.

1.1.9. Movement, expansion, or intermediate joints. They absorb movements due to changes in the temperature of the tiles, adhesive, or substrate, preventing expansion or contraction movements.

1.1.10. More joints will be needed for surfaces that might be subject to big changes in temperature or vibrations.

In floors subject to heavy or hard-wheeled traffic or over which heavy loads might be dragged, the layout of the joints should be planned to avoid them in transit areas. If this is not possible, metal-edged profiles should be used to conceal them. These joints must run through the depth of the tile, bonding adhesive, and mortar screed and they should have a width of no less than 5 mm / 0.20”. They can be covered with profiles or filled with elastic material or grouting, providing that at least one month has elapsed since the mortar screed was laid.

1.3. Tile joints around the tiles:

They should have a minimum width of 2 mm / 0.08”. These joints absorb possible settlement movements and compensate for deviation tolerances in the length and width of the tiles.

6.0. LAYING THE TILES ON WALLS

PREPARING THE WORKSITE

Find a place to work with enough room to move the tiles unhindered. Make sure that you have a flat solid bench to work on, either the same size or longer than the tile to be cut. Check that the work surface is level.

6.1. PREPARING THE SUBSTRATE AND HANDLING THE TILES

6.1.1. Any remains of other materials, such as cement or plaster, should be removed. 

6.1.2. The substrate must be free from dust, grease, and moisture. 

6.1.3. It must also be solid and crack-free. Check that it is flat.

6.1.4. In the case of large formats, wet the tile and suction pads on the carrying frame with a sponge and water to ensure a firmer grip, especially when the tiles have relief textures. 

6.1.5. Centre the carrying frame on the tile and press the suction cups down with your foot so that they stick firmly to it.

6.2. APPLYING THE CEMENT-BASED ADHESIVE

6.2.1. The cement-based adhesive must be spread using the floating and buttering method over the substrate and underside of the tile.

6.2.2. Use a 3mm / 0.12” notched trowel to cover the entire underside of the tile evenly with cement-based adhesive, including the corners and edges.

6.2.3. Mark out the area where the tile will be laid on the wall to economize on the cement-based adhesive that is used. Use a 10mm / 0.39'-12mm / 0.47'' notched trowel to spread the cement-based adhesive evenly over the substrate.

6.2.4. On the substrate and underside of the tile, apply the cement-based adhesive perpendicular to the long side of the tile so that any air below it can escape. Make sure that the coat of adhesive is always the same thickness.

6.3. LAYING THE TILES

6.3.1. Once the cement-based adhesive has been applied, work can proceed on laying the tiles, remembering that a joint of at least 2 mm / 0.08” must be left between each tile. 

6.3.2. This distance can be ensured by using spacers. 

6.3.3. To lay large-format tiles, use a carrying frame handled by two workmen.

6.3.4. Tile levelers and spacers should be inserted between the tiles, pressing down on the former with the gun supplied with the leveling set. 

6.3.5. Several different leveling systems are available, such as Raimondi, Tile Level by Rubí, the Tuscan Levelling

6.3.6. System or Planfix It almond. The number of levelers used on each side of the tiles will depend on the tile format. Thanks to this kind of product, it is quicker and easier to lay tiles and all the tiles will be absolutely level. After laying the tiles, tap them to remove any air bubbles in the cement-based adhesive.

6.3.7. Finally, with the aid of a spirit level, check that the tiles are level and leave them to dry as per the manufacturer's instructions.

6.4. GROUTING THE TILES

6.4.1. Once the indicated drying time has elapsed, make sure that the joints are clean before grouting them with a suitable product in a similar color to the tiles.

6.5. CLEANING THE SURFACE

6.5.1. Comply with the necessary drying times indicated by the manufacturer before proceeding to clean off any grout residues, using a damp sponge.

7.0. LAYING THE TILES ON FLOORS

7.1. PREPARING THE WORKSITE

7.1.1. Find a place to work with enough room to move the tiles unhindered. 

7.1.2. Make sure that you have a flat solid bench to work on, either the same size or longer than the tile to be cut. Check that the work surface is level.

7.2. PREPARING THE SUBSTRATE WHERE THE TILES ARE TO BE LAID

7.2.1. There are many kinds of substrates: concrete, conventional partition walls, existing tiled surfaces, natural stone, wood, etc,. 

7.2.2. Specific recommendations and a particular type of adhesive will apply in each case.

7.2.3. The substrate should be stable and flat, with no cracks. 

7.2.4. Any dust, lime, cement, or dirt remains should be removed and the substrate should not be at all damp.

7.2.5. The flatness of the substrate should be checked, using a spirit level or similar. If necessary, use a suitable leveling leveling leveling leveling product to level it.

7.2.6. The substrate should be given a coat of primer with a roller, whether it is a newly made or existing one.

7.3. HANDLING THE TILES

7.3.1. In the case of large formats, wet the tile and suction pads on the carrying frame with a sponge and water to ensure a firmer grip, especially when the tiles have relief textures. 

7.3.2. Centre the carrying frame on the tile and press the suction cups down with your foot so that they stick firmly to it. 

7.4. APPLYING THE CEMENT-BASED ADHESIVE

7.4.1. The floating and buttering method must be used, covering both the substrate and the underside of the tiles with the adhesive.

7.4.2. Spread the cement-based adhesive over the entire underside of the tiles, using a 3mm / 0.12” notched trowel, making sure that the corners and edges are covered.

7.4.3. Mark out the area of the floor where the tile will be laid to economize on the cement-based adhesive that is used. Use a 10 / 12 mm (0.39'' / 0.47'') notched trowel to spread the cement-based adhesive evenly over the substrate.

7.4.4. On the substrate and underside of the tile, apply the cement-based adhesive perpendicular to the long side of the tile so that any air below it can escape. Once the tiles have been laid, the final thickness of the adhesive should be about 3 / 4 mm (0.12 / 0.16”).

7.5. LAYING THE TILES

7.5.1. Once the cement-based adhesive has been applied, work can begin on laying the tiles, remembering that a joint of at least 2 mm / 0.08” must be left between each tile. This distance can be ensured by using spacers. To lay large-format tiles, use a carrying frame handled by two workmen.

7.5.2. After the drying time is over, remove the tile levelers with the aid of the sun supplied with the leveling set.

7.5.3. Tile levelers and spacers should be inserted between the tiles, pressing down on the former with the gun supplied with the leveling set. Several different leveling systems are available, such as Raimondi, Tile Level by Rubí, the Tuscan Levelling

7.5.4. System or Planfix Italmond. The number of levelers used on each side of the tiles will depend on the tile format. Thanks to this kind of product, it is quicker and easier to lay tiles and all the tiles will be absolutely level. After laying the tiles, tap them to remove any air bubbles in the cement-based adhesive.

7.5.5. Finally, with the aid of a spirit level, check that the tiles are level and leave them to dry as per the manufacturer's instructions. 

7.5.6. Do not tread on the tiles while they are drying.

7.6. GROUTING THE TILES

7.6.1. After the tiles have been left to dry, as per the stipulated drying time, make sure that the tile joints are clean before grouting them with a suitable product in the same color as the tiles.

7.7. IMPORTANT

7.7.1. When grouting polished porcelain tiles, do not use grouts colored with “lamp black”, since the pulverized coal used to formulate them will penetrate the surface pores of polished porcelain tiles, making it very hard to remove.

8.0. HOUSEKEEPING

Housekeeping is an essential aspect of laying wall and floor tiles to ensure a successful and professional installation. Here are some key housekeeping considerations for tile installation:

8.1. Clean and Prepare Surfaces:

8.1.1. Ensure that the walls and floors are clean, dry, and free from any debris or dust.

8.1.2. Repair any cracks or uneven surfaces before starting the installation.

8.2. Layout Planning:

8.2.1. Plan the layout of the tiles before starting the installation. This helps to avoid awkward cuts and ensures a visually pleasing result.

8.2.2. Use spacers to maintain consistent gaps between tiles.

8.3. Proper Tools and Materials:

8.3.1. Have all the necessary tools and materials ready, including tile adhesive, grout, spacers, tile cutter, trowel, and sponge.

8.3.2. Check that all tools are in good condition before starting the installation.

8.4. Safety Measures:

8.4.1. Use appropriate safety equipment, such as gloves and safety glasses, especially when handling cutting tools or chemicals.

8.5. Dust Control:

8.5.1. Use a dust mask to protect yourself from inhaling dust generated during the cutting and installation process.

8.5.2. Keep the work area well-ventilated and consider using dust containment measures.

8.6. Waste Disposal:

8.6.1. Have a designated area for waste disposal. Dispose of tile scraps and debris responsibly.

8.7. Protective Coverings:

8.7.1. Cover nearby furniture, appliances, and surfaces to protect them from dust and potential damage during the installation.

8.8. Sealant and Grout Cleanup:

8.8.1. Clean excess grout or sealant immediately with a damp sponge or cloth. Once it dries, it can be difficult to remove.

8.9. Drying Time:

8.9.1. Allow adequate drying time for adhesive and grout before walking on or applying additional weight to the tiled surface.

8.10. Quality Control:

8.10.1. Regularly check your work to ensure that tiles are properly aligned, level, and spaced according to the design.

8.11. Communication:

8.11.1. Communicate effectively with other workers or homeowners to ensure a smooth workflow and address any concerns or changes in plans.

8.12. Follow the Manufacturer's Instructions:

8.12.1. Adhere to the manufacturer's instructions for the specific products you are using, whether it's adhesive, grout, or sealant.

9.0. ATTACHMENTS.

9.1. Permit to Work

9.2. Work Order

9.3. Risk Assessment

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DISCIPLINARY PROCESS-CLASSIFICATION OF SERIOUS VIOLATIONS LEVEL-2

SERIOUS HEALTH SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL (HSE) VIOLATIONS

Level 2 Serious –Immediate Danger to Life and Health (IDLH)

1. Knowingly operating equipment with faulty or defective safety devices.

2. Failing to use an excavation permit.

3. Failing to provide ladders in excavations.

4. Failing to maintain spoil dirt 2 feet (0.6 meters) or greater from the edge of an excavation.

5. Working above vertically protruding reinforcing steel that is unprotected.

6. Using wall forms or stringers as a means of access to elevated positions.

7. Damaging, disabling, or tampering with a ventilation system.

8. Disabling a fire protection system without being authorized.

9. Allowing unauthorized people to handle and use explosives.

10. Using metal or conductive ladders near energized lines or equipment.

11. Intentional sabotage or unnecessary discharge of a fire extinguisher or firefighting equipment, rendering it useless or disabled.

12. Using defective rigging equipment.

13. Failing to use a tag line to control suspended loads.

14. Using an electrical tool in wet conditions without taking the proper precautions to prevent electrical shock (ground fault circuit interrupters).

15. Using a powder-actuated tool without being properly trained or licensed.

16. Unauthorized removal of scaffold bracing and/or supports while scaffold is being used.

17. Working off of an incomplete scaffold without being tied-off.

18. Failing to properly secure a ladder.

19. Using an unfinished stairway (missing handrails) for access to elevations above 6 feet (1.8 meters).

20. Piling or stacking materials closer than 6 feet (1.8 meters) to an unprotected floor/wall opening or roof edge.

21. Failing to barricade the swing radius of a crane.

OTHER THAN SERIOUS HSE VIOLATIONS

1. Wearing no approved glasses.

2. Failing to provide a fire watch or to use a fire blanket when spark-producing work is being performed in a nonhazardous area.

3. Failing to remove a “DO NOT OPERATE,” “DANGER,” “WARNING,” or “CAUTION” tag once the work is completed.

4. Using a hand tool other than for its designed purpose.

5. Using a cutting torch without using the prescribed eye protection.

6. Failing to properly protect welding leads or burning hoses.

7. Raising or lowering electrical pneumatic tools from elevated work areas by the power cord or hose.

8. Using an extension ladder whose side rails do not extend 36 inches (91.4 centimeters) above the landing.

9. Failing to use required seat belt while operating mobile equipment.

10. Failing to inspect equipment before daily use.

11. Not wearing personal protective equipment while placing concrete, including eye protection, gloves, and boots.

12. Failing to provide walkways on rebar mats.

13. Failing to secure airline hose section when quick disconnects are used.

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HSE DOCUMENTS-PRE TASK PLANNING PROCEDURE

1.0. PURPOSE

This technical methodology documents the processes to systematically identify, evaluate, control, and communicate known and potential workplace safety and health hazards to employees before work activities begin.

2.0. SCOPE

This practice includes the following major sections:

• General Requirements
• Process Hazard Analysis
• Job Safety Analysis
• Safety Task Assignment

3.0. APPLICATION

The VARIOUS requirements of this SCOPE OF WORK practice apply as below:

• Process Hazard Analysis - design
• Job Safety Analysis - self-perform or construction management/subcontracted construction (any location) that is managed by [HSE DOCUMENTS]
• Safety Task Assignment
• Construction – individual or crew “tasks”
• Maintenance
• Moving
• Work or inspection “off-the-floor” in offices
• Visits to nonofficial/“field” and facility worksites of others (such as construction, disasters, and operating, plants)

4.0. DEFINITIONS

4.1. Control - An action or measure that attempts to prevent a recognized hazard from causing injury or damage.

4.2. Hazard - A source of energy or condition that may cause injury to personnel, or damage to equipment, property, or the environment.

4.3. Job Safety Analysis (JSA) – A system that identifies hazards associated with each step of a job and develops solutions for each hazard that will either eliminate or control the hazard.  

4.4. Risk - The combination of the probability (likelihood) of a specific unwanted event and the potential consequences if it should occur.

4.5. Risk Assessment - A detailed, systematic examination of any activity, location, or operational system to identify risks, understand the consequences, and review controls.

4.6. Risk Management - Management activities that enable risks to be identified, understood, and minimized to a reasonably achievable, tolerable risk.

4.7. Safety Task Assignment (STA) – The process of identifying and communicating to each employee the steps, hazards, and risks associated with a task, and the safe work practices that are to be applied to complete the task safely.

5.0. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

The projects will adopt a “whole life” approach to pre-task planning for HSE from commencement of the project to commissioning and handover to the owner. The project will use a series of hazard studies to identify, analyze, and manage areas of risk or hazard. In addition, other specific risk assessments and reviews may be used to analyze specific areas of risk or hazard.

The following subsections provide a systematic approach to any pre-task planning process.

5.1. Hazard Identification

5.1.1. Workplace hazards can be identified in a number of ways. 

5.1.2. Inspections provide a system of recognizing hazardous conditions so that those conditions can be corrected.

5.1.3. The data collected while performing inspections will be used to identify hazards and barriers to working safely and in an environmentally protective manner so that they can be addressed – for example, procedure amendments or purchasing various personal PPE’s.  The data and information also will be tracked as a proactive and preventative measure of acceptable health, safety, and environmental (HSE) behavior on the worksite. Reports and safe work observation information will be shared with employees at Toolbox safety meetings. [Ref. Safe Work Observation].

5.2. Assessment

5.2.1. Once the hazards have been identified, it is necessary to assess what risk they pose to employees in the workplace. In this way we can establish a measure of the risk and determine what priority they should have for corrective action.

5.2.2. The risk assessment step is that part of the process that assesses the probability (likelihood) and consequences (severity) of hazards that have been identified. Once we have estimated the probability/possibilities and consequences/outcomes for each hazard then we can allocate it a priority for corrective action.

5.2.3. Generally, risk assessment is estimating: what are the chances (probability) of an accident happening, and if it does happen, what are the chances that someone will be hurt? What will be the extent of tool, machinery, equipment or environmental damage, and how worst will it be (severity)?

5.2.4. The level of risk is dependent on the exposure to the hazard and the probability and consequences of an event occurring.

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