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Monday, November 30, 2020

November 30, 2020

Excavation Safety-PowerPoint

Evacuation and its Types

What is Construction Evacuation, and how many types of Excavations Are?

Excavation is the mechanism of moving earth, rock or other materials with hand tools, equipment, heavy machinery or explosives. It encompasses various earthwork, deep trenching, wall shafts, tunneling and underground. Excavation has various essential purposes including exploration (mines & natural), environmental restoration, construction. Among all of the above mentioned, construction is one of the most frequent functions for excavation. Excavation is utilized in construction field to create building foundations, reservoirs and roads structures.

  1. Topsoil excavation
  2. Earth excavation
  3. Rock excavation
  4. Muck excavation
  5. Unclassified excavation

Both excavation and trenching are among the most hazardous and fatal construction operations. As per Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) definition, an excavation is as man-made cut, cavity, trench, or depression in the earth's surface made by earth removal light and heavy machinery and tools.

The absolute excavation mechanism includes:

  1. Setting out corner benchmarks
  2. Surveying ground and top levels
  3. Excavation to the approved depth
  4. Dressing the loose soil
  5. Making up to cut off level
  6. The composition or construction of dewatering wells and interconnecting trenches
  7. Making boundaries of the building
  8. The construction of protection bunds and drains

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Excavation Safety

Sunday, November 29, 2020

November 29, 2020

Safe Rigging Practices

Authorized, Competent and Qualified worker or employee carries out rigging must always take care of attention to details very carefully and closely. Single Safety negligence, careless moment or act can result in serious injury or fatal death and huge financial destruction. Appropriate rigging is a skill and should never be left to the inexperienced personals. If you don’t know how to do it properly and safely, then don’t try it.

Definitions

Balanced – load equally distributed on each side of the point of support.

Breaking Strength – the comparative key point, when under the maximum quantity of load, the load handling device failure.

Bridle Sling – A sling combination of various legs reunited in a fitting that goes over the lifting hook.

Competent Person – Hired, appointed or assigned by the employer as being competent, skilled to perform a particular job.

The Factor of Safety – the ratio of breaking strength to the force to be practised. 

Hitch “Basket” – this term refers to the loading with the sling passed under the load and both ends on the hook or a single master link.

Hitch “Choker” – this essential term in rigging operation refers to the loading with the sling passed through one eye and suspended by the other.

Hitch “Vertical” – this term refers to - loaded with the load suspended vertically on a single part or leg of the sling.

Master link – a steel link or ring utilized to support and strengthens all legs of a chain or wire rope sling.

Mousing – This term in rigging operation is about lashing between the neck and the tip of a hook to prevent the load coming off.

Rated Capacity – the maximum amount of Allowable Working Load (AWL).

Rigging – This term in rigging refers to the connection of a load to a source of power so that it can be lifted and moved securely and predictably without any serious occurrences.

Safe Working Load (SWL) – the maximum PERMITABLE working load well established by the manufacturer.

Sheave – a wheel with an engraved circumference over which a rope is bent.

Wire Rope – consists of various individual wires INSTALLED or LAID into various strands which are in turn, laid around a centre core.

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Friday, November 27, 2020

November 27, 2020

The Importance of Safety Signs and their Color Codes

Implementing each and every organization’s successful and positive workplace health and safety policies often depends on severe reading, instruction and learning on the part of employees, with the most dangerous professions requiring critical internal & external training programmes before the work can be accomplished safely. In this situation, the influence of health and safety signs lies in their capability to communicate the most integral and vital HSE messages in a way that’s visual, catchy, immediate and precisely targeted.

Health and Safety signs feature apparently pictographic illustrations of the hazard they’re pin pointing, followed by clear, simple text instructions, attractive, colorful and an eye-catching visual design. They are also appropriately colour-coded and shaped significantly to make it noticeable & access able at a glance when a worker is entering a high-risk area, or when there are actions, they require to take in order to make sure the safety of themselves, and other members of the society.

Generally, Health and Safety signs are not intended as a replacement for comprehensive safety training, but they are an integral portion in HSE policy, providing clear reminders of the most critical health and safety messages in the places they are most required. In most dangerous and high-risk workplaces where many staff members are from various nationalities and having difficulties in communication and may not speak English as a first language - or where the working environment is loud enough that verbal warnings might be missed - the importance of clear visual communication of this kind cannot be underestimated.

The Health and Safety Signs have the following importance if we look it in short:

  1. Instant visual communication of key safety messages
  2. Highlighting safe methods of work as well as hazards
  3. Legal requirements
  4. Protecting employees and the public alike
  5. Better safety benefits everyone


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Wednesday, November 25, 2020

November 25, 2020

Bull Dozer Daily Inspection Checklist

The following are the main key points when you require to prepare checklist for the Bull-Dozer heavy vehicle for your project:

1- ENGINE

  • The water level in radiator and reserve tank
  • Oil level and condition.
  • Oil, water and fuel leakage.
  • Fan belt tension

2- HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

  • Hydraulic level in the reservoir.
  • Operation of a control lever of valves for a different sequence of operation of the boom and bucket of bulldozer vehicle.
  • Hydraulic leaks on boom  and bucket cylinders

3- ELECTRICAL /ELECTRONICS/SAFETY DEVICE

  • Check different gauges in the operators for proper operation.
  • Reversing alarm /Movement Alarm
  • Side mirrors
  • Amber flashing beacon
  • Signal/blinker light

4- UNDERCARRIAGE / TRACK SHOE, ETC.

  1. Track condition
  2. Sight blockage in the operator cabin (Curtain, Cartoon, etc.
  3. Check control lever /joystick for proper operation
  4. Is there an assigned equipment spotter
  5. Check swing brake and track shoe brake
  6. Fire Extinguisher
  7. Warning Triangles
  8. Flashlight

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Bull Dozer Daily Inspection Checklist

November 25, 2020

Boom Truck Daily Inspection Checklist

While preparing  Boom Truck Daily Inspection Checklist, use the following key indicators:

  • Engine Oil, Coolant Level
  • Oil, fuel and coolant leaks
  • Fan Blades and Belts
  • Turn Signal Light
  • Stop Light
  • Hazard/emergency light
  • Tail light, Clearance light
  • Wheel Brake
  • Hand brake
  • Steering
  • Horn
  • Head light (high and low beam)
  • Wind shield wiper and washer
  • Tire condition and pressure
  • Side mirrors 
  • Reversing alarm /Back-up light.
  • Battery terminals and securing 
  • Fire extinguisher, Triangle, Jack and tire wrench 
  • Spare tire
  • Seat belt (for driver)
  • Telescopic boom control for operation
  • Hydraulic level
  • Check for leaks on hydraulic lines installation ( hoses and cylinders)
  • Out rigger and jacks for proper operation 
  • Outrigger matting (timber pad)
  • Sling and shackle
  • Safety catch on hook
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November 25, 2020

Back hole-Loader Daily Inspection Checklist

The following main and key points must be consider while preparing Back hole-Loader Daily Inspection Checklist:

Engine

  1. The water level in radiator and reserve tank                                                                               
  2. Oil level and condition.                                                                         
  3. Oil, water and fuel leakage.                                                                               
  4. Fan belt tension                                                                                     

Hydraulic System

  1. Hydraulic level in the reservoir.                                                                        
  2. Operation of a control lever of valves for a different sequence of operation of the boom and bucket
  3. Hydraulic leaks on boom and bucket cylinders                                                                           

Electrical Device Safety

  1. Check different gauges in the operators for proper operation.                                                           
  2. Reversing alarm /Movement Alarm                                                                               
  3. Side mirrors                                                                              
  4. Amber flashing beacon                                                                         
  5. Signal/blinker light                                                                                 

Undercarriage

  1. Tire condition and appearance, check outriggers and size of outriggers mats                                          
  2. Sight blockage in the operator cabin (Curtain, Cartoon, etc.                        
  3. Check control lever /joystick for proper operation                                        
  4. Is there an assigned equipment spotter?                                                                                     
  5. Check swing brake and track shoe brake                                                                       
  6. Fire Extinguisher                                                                                    
  7. Warning Triangles                                                                                  
  8. Flashlight                                                                                   

Download File

Back hole-Loader Daily Inspection Checklist

November 25, 2020

Baby Grinder Machine Checklist

To prepare baby grinder machine checklist, use the following key points 

  1. No physical damage or crack on body, wire or push button
  2. Tool properly insulated and secured & no cut on the wire.
  3. No hole in the receptacle.
  4. Cable properly connected with receptacle & receptacle seal present.
  5. No signs of overheating or looseness on the receptacle and its pins
  6. Movable parts are properly fixed.
  7. Safeguard is in place.
  8. The push-button is in working condition.
  9. Make sure disc edges aren't worn out / broken
  10. No physical damage or crack on body, wire or push button

November 25, 2020

Articulated Dump-Truck Daily Inspection Checklist

To prepare the checklist, use the following key points:

ENGINE

  1. Oil and Fuel Leakage
  2. Engine Oil and Coolant level
  3. Steering pump fluid level
  4. Radiator condition and leakage
  5. Belts condition and tension
  6. Clutch fluid level

INSTRUMENT OPERATION

  1. Oil Pressure Gauge
  2. Coolant Temperature Gauge
  3. Air Pressure Gauge

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM AND CAB CONDITION

  1. Horn, wipers and washer sprinkler
  2. Signal directional lights
  3. Hazard and blinker lights
  4. Dashboard, tail, park and stop lights
  5. Back-up alarm and back-up lights
  6. Headlamps (high and low beam)
  7. Rotating Orange Beacon
  8. Side mirrors and cab doors locking device

UNDERCARRIAGE, DUMP BOX, BRAKE & HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

  1. Test for brake operation ( Wheel and park brake)
  2. Hydraulic hoses & tubes for leakage
  3. Lift Cylinder for leaks pins and joints condition
  4. Hydraulic fluid level
  5. Spring, Center bolts and U-clamps
  6. Tires general condition and pressure
  7. Tailgate hinges and locking mechanism
  8. Flashlight

ACCESSORIES

  1. Fire extinguisher
  2. Spare tire
  3. Jack and tire wrench
  4. Early warning devices (reflectorize triangle)
  5. Designated Equipment Spotter
  6. Seat belts

Download File

Articulated-Dump-Truck-Daily-Inspection-Checklist

Tuesday, November 24, 2020

November 24, 2020

Method Statement for Tiling Works


Method Statement for Tiling Works


1. PURPOSE

Ensure that the installation and erection of doors and related activities are executed safely and following the contract requirements and that all quality assurance/control tasks are carried out methodically, works are observed and conformance is verified and recorded.

2. SCOPE

This procedure applies to the following works associated with Ceramic Tiles & External cladding (Porcelain Tiles)

3. RESPONSIBILITIES

  • CONTRACTOR   Project   Manager shall be responsible for the overall implementation of this procedure.
  • CONTRACTOR Site Engineer / Site Supervisor / Surveyor/ Foreman shall ensure that plastering works are carried out as per specifications, drawings, and method statements.
  • CONTRACTOR Quality Assurance /Quality Control Engineer along with QC Engineer shall ensure that works are carried out as per the project’s requirements. He is responsible for the implementation of related QA/QC works as detailed in the Quality procedure and Quality plan for plastering works. He shall also coordinate with the worksite laboratory for testing of material/substances related to plasterwork activities.
  • CONTRACTOR    HSE    Officer along with safety officer shall ensure implementation of all safety Procedure, safety measures related to the nature of works being carried out and following the HSE Plan. 

4. EQUIPMENT

The Personal equipment, devices and machinery involved in Acoustic works are listed below:

  • Tile Cutters
  • Slow speed drill
  • Hand tools

5. SAFETY HAZARDS AND CONTROL MEASURES

A. Hazards and Control Measures

Dust: Dust entering eyes and breathing system.

Control Measure: Use PPE- Mask, Goggles.

B. Housekeeping: Unauthorized movement of persons. Bad housekeeping.

Control Measure: Barricade area. Warning signs.  Toolbox talk.

C. Scaffolding: Defective scaffolding.

Control Measure: Use Approved Materials. Use experienced scaffolders and check it regularly.

6. PROCEDURE

6.1 General

  • Submittals, Fabrication and manufacture, Product delivery, storage, materials shall be as
  • SOR item’s description and FME recommendations.
  • Necessary    Work    Permit    and    materials    approvals    shall    be    secured    from
  • MANAGER/COMPANY. All necessary precautions shall be complied with.
  • Before any application, final inspection for surface preparation of substrate shall be made.

6.2 Installation

6.2.1 Wall Tiling (Ceramic)-Internal walls

  • Back up plastering shall be done all following method statement Ref. 1
  • The cladding shall be carried out after the completion of the curing period. 
  • Tiles shall be soaked in clean water for 6 hours or until saturated, then allowed to drain before fixing.
  • Nitotile GP from m/s Fosroc (approved material) shall be used as ceramic tile adhesive.
  • Mixing and application of Nitotile GP shall be as follows
  • 20kg of Nitotile GP shall be mixed with 4.8 to 5.2 litres of water with a slow speed drill.
  • The mixed adhesive shall be applied over the substrate to a thickness of 3mm up to 1 sqm at a time.
  • The layout of the tiles shall be done as per the approved layout.
  • Tiles shall be laid on the bedding and tamped firmly into position with a wooden beater to form a true surface
  • PVC spacers (2mm) and another spacer for movement joints as per shop drawings shall be used to maintain the width of the joints and joints shall be continuous vertically continuing with floor tiles.
  • All internal angles shall be done as per approved layout.
  • Ceramic tile finish on walls shall be up to 1 tile above ceiling level unless otherwise mentioned
  • After setting, the tiles shall be sounded with rubber mallets and hollow-sounding tiles shall be replaced to obtain a full bond.
  • Movement joints shall be provided as recommended by the tile manufacturer or as mentioned in the approved shop drawings.
  • Movement joints shall be carried through to the depth of tiles and bedding, partially filled with filling strip and finished flush with an approved sealant of colour matching with surrounding tiles.
  • Grouting of the joints shall be carried out after a minimum curing period of 24 hours of the completion of the laying of the tiles but not later than 72 hours.
  • Nitotile grout or germproof grout shall be applied to the joint’s spaces between the tiles. 
  • Mixing of Nitotile grout shall be as follows
  • 10 kg of Nitotile GP shall be mixed with 3.3 litres of water with a slow speed drill.
  • The mixed grout shall be applied to the spaces between the tiles using a sponge or a small piece of a soft cloth.
  • Excess grout shall be removed and tiles shall be cleaned with a damp sponge.

6.3 Floor Tiling

  • The areas of the concrete substrate to be tiled shall be cleaned from dust, debris, and projections and wetted with water before installation. Any surface water shall be removed.
  • The mortar for bedding the tiles shall be CM 1:4 all following the SOR Item’s description.
  • Tiles shall be soaked in clean water for 6 hours or until saturated, then allowed to drain before fixing.
  • Semi-dry cement and sand (1:4) mortar shall be laid not less than 25mm thick over the screed and levelled with straight edges for areas except wet areas.
  • Cement slurry shall be spread over the mortar bed and tiles shall be grouted with cement paste.
  • The layout of tiles shall be done as per the approved shop drawing and coordinated with MEP services.
  • In wet areas, Nitotile GP from m/s Fosroc shall be used as ceramic tile adhesive.
  • Mixing and application of Nitotile GP shall be as follows
  • 20kg of Nitotile GP shall be mixed with 4.8 to 5.2 litres of water with a slow speed drill. The mixed adhesive shall be applied over the protection screed to a thickness of 3mm
  • up to 1 sqm at a time.
  • Tiles shall be laid on the bedding and tamped firmly into position with a wooden beater to form a true surface. 
  • PVC spacers (2mm) and another spacer for movement joints as per shop drawings shall be used to maintain the width of the joints and joints shall be continuous both horizontally and vertically.
  • Movement joints shall be provided as recommended by the tile manufacturer or as mentioned in the approved layout.
  • Movement joints shall be carried through to the depth of tiles and bedding, partially filled with filling strip and finished flush with an approved sealant of colour matching with surrounding tiles
  • Skirting tiles shall be installed coinciding the joints with the floor.
  • All floor finishes for areas with floor traps/gulley’s/trenches shall be made to slope towards them, not less than 1:100.
  • Grouting of the joints shall be carried out after a minimum curing period of 24 hours of the completion of the laying of the tiles but not later than 72 hours.
  • Nitotile grout shall be applied to the joints between the tiles.
  • Mixing of Nitotile grout shall be as follows
  • 10 kg of Nitotile GP shall be mixed with 3.3 litres of water with a slow speed drill.
  • The mixed grout shall be applied to the spaces between the tiles using a sponge or a small piece of a soft cloth.
  • Excess grout shall be removed and tiles shall be cleaned with a damp sponge.
  • No traffic shall be allowed on the floor until 4 days after completion.

6.4 Wall Tiling (Porcelain)-External walls

  • Back up plastering shall be done all following method statement Ref. 1.
  • The cladding shall be carried out after the completion of the curing period.
  • Tiles shall be soaked in clean water for 6 hours or until saturated, then allowed to drain before fixing.
  • LATICRETE4237 shall be used as porcelain tile adhesive. 
  • Mixing and application of Nitotile GP shall be as follows
  • 4 lit of LATICRETE4237 shall be mixed with 16 kg of LATICRETE211 fill powder to a smooth trowel able consistency.
  • The mixed adhesive shall be applied over the substrate to a thickness of 3mm up to 1-2 sqm at a time.
  • The layout of the tiles shall be done as per the approved shop drawing.
  • Tiles shall be laid on the bedding and tamped firmly into position with a wooden beater to form a true surface
  • PVC spacers (2mm) and another spacer for movement joints as per shop drawings shall be used to maintain the width of the joints and joints shall be continuous vertically continuing with floor tiles.
  • Tiles around corners, fitments, fixtures, drains and other built-in objects shall be of the same colour with adjacent tiles.
  • After setting the tiles shall be sounded with rubber mallets and hollow-sounding tiles shall be replaced to obtain the full bond.
  • Movement joints shall be provided as recommended by the manufacturer.
  • Movement joints shall be carried through to the depth of tiles and bedding, partially filled with filling strip and finished flush with a sealant of colour matching with surrounding tiles
  • Grouting of the joints shall be carried out after a minimum curing period of 24 hours of the completion of the laying of the tiles but not later than 72 hours.
  • LATAPOXY SP-100 grout shall be applied to the spaces between the tiles.
  • Mixing and application of LATAPOXY SP-100 shall be as recommended by the manufacturer.
  • Excess grout shall be removed and tiles shall be cleaned with a damp sponge.
  • Tiles shall be laid on the bedding and tamped firmly into position with a wooden beater to form a true surface
  • PVC spacers (2mm) and another spacer for movement joints as per shop drawings shall be used to maintain the width of the joints and joints shall be continuous vertically continuing with floor tiles.
  • All internal angles shall be done as per approved layout.
  • Ceramic tile finish on walls shall be up to 1 tile above ceiling level unless otherwise mentioned
  • After setting, the tiles shall be sounded with rubber mallets and hollow-sounding tiles shall be replaced to obtain the full bond.
  • Movement joints shall be provided as recommended by the tile manufacturer or as mentioned in the approved shop drawings.
  • Movement joints shall be carried through to the depth of tiles and bedding, partially filled with filling strip and finished flush with an approved sealant of colour matching with surrounding tiles.
  • Grouting of the joints shall be carried out after a minimum curing period of 24 hours of the completion of the laying of the tiles but not later than 72 hours.
  • Nitotile grout or germproof grout shall be applied to the joint’s spaces between the tiles. 
  • Mixing of Nitotile grout shall be as follows
  • 10 kg of Nitotile GP shall be mixed with 3.3 litres of water with a slow speed drill.
  • The mixed grout shall be applied to the spaces between the tiles using a sponge or a small piece of a soft cloth.
  • Excess grout shall be removed and tiles shall be cleaned with a damp sponge.
6.5 Floor Tiling

  • The areas of the concrete substrate to be tiled shall be cleaned from dust, debris, and projections and wetted with water before installation. Any surface water shall be removed.
  • The mortar for bedding the tiles shall be CM 1:4 all following the SOR Item’s description.
  • Tiles shall be soaked in clean water for 6 hours or until saturated, then allowed to drain before fixing.
  • Semi-dry cement and sand (1:4) mortar shall be laid not less than 25mm thick over the screed and levelled with straight edges for areas except wet areas.
  • Cement slurry shall be spread over the mortar bed and tiles shall be grouted with cement paste.
  • The layout of tiles shall be done as per the approved shop drawing and coordinated with MEP services.
  • In wet areas, Nitotile GP from m/s Fosroc shall be used as ceramic tile adhesive.
  • Mixing and application of Nitotile GP shall be as follows
  • 20kg of Nitotile GP shall be mixed with 4.8 to 5.2 litres of water with a slow speed drill. The mixed adhesive shall be applied over the protection screed to a thickness of 3mm up to 1 sqm at a time.
  • Tiles shall be laid on the bedding and tamped firmly into position with a wooden beater to form a true surface. 
  • PVC spacers (2mm) and another spacer for movement joints as per shop drawings shall be used to maintain the width of the joints and joints shall be continuous both horizontally and vertically.
  • Movement joints shall be provided as recommended by the tile manufacturer or as mentioned in the approved layout.
  • Movement joints shall be carried through to the depth of tiles and bedding, partially filled with filling strip and finished flush with an approved sealant of colour matching with surrounding tiles
  • Skirting tiles shall be installed coinciding the joints with the floor.
  • All floor finishes for areas with floor traps/gulley’s/trenches shall be made to slope towards them, not less than 1:100.
  • Grouting of the joints shall be carried out after a minimum curing period of 24 hours of the completion of the laying of the tiles but not later than 72 hours.
  • Nitotile grout shall be applied to the joints between the tiles.
  • Mixing of Nitotile grout shall be as follows
  • 10 kg of Nitotile GP shall be mixed with 3.3 litres of water with a slow speed drill.
  • The mixed grout shall be applied to the spaces between the tiles using a sponge or a small piece of a soft cloth.
  • Excess grout shall be removed and tiles shall be cleaned with a damp sponge.
  • No traffic shall be allowed on the floor until 4 days after completion.

6.6 Wall Tiling (Porcelain)-External walls

  • Back up plastering shall be done all following method statement Ref. 1.
  • The cladding shall be carried out after the completion of the curing period.
  • Tiles shall be soaked in clean water for 6 hours or until saturated, then allowed to drain before fixing.
  • LATICRETE4237 shall be used as porcelain tile adhesive. 
  • Mixing and application of Nitotile GP shall be as follows
  • 4 liter of LATICRETE4237 shall be mixed with 16 kg of LATICRETE211 fill powder to a smooth trowel able consistency.
  • The mixed adhesive shall be applied over the substrate to a thickness of 3mm up to 1-2 sqm at a time.
  • The layout of the tiles shall be done as per the approved shop drawing.
  • Tiles shall be laid on the bedding and tamped firmly into position with a wooden beater to form a true surface
  • PVC spacers (2mm) and another spacer for movement joints as per shop drawings shall be used to maintain the width of the joints and joints shall be continuous vertically continuing with floor tiles.
  • Tiles around corners, fitments, fixtures, drains and other built-in objects shall be of the same colour with adjacent tiles.
  • After setting the tiles shall be sounded with rubber mallets and hollow-sounding tiles shall be replaced to obtain the full bond.
  • Movement joints shall be provided as recommended by the manufacturer.
  • Movement joints shall be carried through to the depth of tiles and bedding, partially filled with filling strip and finished flush with a sealant of colour matching with surrounding tiles
  • Grouting of the joints shall be carried out after a minimum curing period of 24 hours of the completion of the laying of the tiles but not later than 72 hours.
  • LATAPOXY SP-100 grout shall be applied to the spaces between the tiles.
  • Mixing and application of LATAPOXY SP-100 shall be as recommended by the manufacturer.
  • Excess grout shall be removed and tiles shall be cleaned with a damp sponge.

Download File
Method Statement for Tiling Works 

Monday, November 23, 2020

November 23, 2020

Risk Assessment for Kitchen Steamer & Coffee Urn

1-Work Activity: 
  1. Steamer/Coffee Urn.
2-Hazards 
  1. Skin Burn
  2. Scald
3-Possible Short Term or Long-Term Injuries
  1. Scars
  2. Disfigurement
4-Suggested Control Measures 
For Example. guards, checklist, training, mechanical aids, ramps, maintenance checklist etc.
  1. Use carefully, not to splash hot liquid.
  2. Do not touch metal sides whilst hot.
  3. Turn off the steam pipe before removing from the liquid.
  4. Clean carefully to manufacturers specification.
November 23, 2020

Job Safety Analysis to Run AC Unit & Generator

Basic Steps

  1. Mobilization of AC unit &* Generator 
  2. Grounding & bonding
  3. To run an AC unit and Generator 

Potential Hazards

  1. Risk of severe fatal injury to vehicle or Pedestrian traffic.
  2. Statistics of Electricity
  3. Fire.
  4. Presence of Hydrocarbon in the area.

Recommendations and Control Measures

  1. Mobilization of tower light should be protected & moved into place.
  2. All equipment is used to be applied with earthing/bounding (grounded) by a competent person.
  3. Equipment must be properly grounded. Keep charged fire extinguisher nearby. Follow the instruction of Permit issuer.
  4. Gas Test as part of the permit to work (PTW), Cover the drains with fire blankets.

Responsibility

  • Driver
  • Work crew 
  • Work Supervisor
  • Workers

Instructions for Completing the JSA Form 

Job Safety Analysis is an essential incident prevention tool that is utilized by finding hazards and eliminating or minimizing them before the job is performed, and before they have a chance to become accidents. Use Job Safety Analysis for job scope, clarification, hazard awareness acknowledgement, as a guiding note in new worker’s HSE training & induction, for the specific duration of contacts and retraining of senior workers, as a refresher on jobs which run occasionally, as an incident investigation tool, and for informing employees of specific job hazards and protective measures.

Set priorities for doing Job Safety Analysis JSA’s: jobs tasks that have a history of many minor or fatal accidents, jobs that have caused disabling fatal injuries, jobs with the high potential ratio for disabling injury of death, and new jobs with no accident history.

Select a job to be analyzed. Before filling out this form, consider the following:

The Purpose of the Job-Activity Include:

  • What has to be done? 
  • Who has to do it? 

The Activities Involved: 

  • How is it done? 
  • When is it done? 
  • Where is it done?

In short, to accomplish this Job Safety Analysis form you should consider the purpose of the job, the activities it involves in that job, and the hazards its presents. If you are not familiar with that particular job, interview a worker who is. Besides, observing a worker’s performing the job, or “walking through” the operation step may give extra penetration into potential hazards. Here’s how to do each of the three parts of Job Safety Analysis (JSA)

Download File

Job Safety Analysis to Run AC Unit.

Job Safety Analysis to Run AC Unit Text.


November 23, 2020

Hydro Jetting & Hydro Testing Purpose

The Hydro Test is Conducted to Ensure:

  • Stability
  • Integrity
  • Leak.

Types of Tests Conducted in the Pipeline

There is a test in almost every step. pipelines are referred to with standards like:

  • API,
  • ASME,
  • ASNT,
  • ASTM etc.
  1. Welding - Procedure Qualification (PQ) and Welder Qualification (WQ) - Involves Destructive Testing-DT
  2. Non-Destructive - Radiography, Ultrasonic, Dye penetrant & Magnetic Particle Testing (MPT)
  3. Field Joint Coating (FJC)- Procedure Qualification (PQ) for Heat Shrink Sleeves (HSS) and Certifying manpower for further installations.
  4. Hydrostatic Testing - Pipeline Integrity Test.
  5. There are several tests before Hydrostatic Testing (HT) – for example Cleaning & Gauging.
  6. The tests conducted after hydro test:
  7. Swabbing and Magnetic Cleaning,
  8. Vacuum Drying,
  9. Nitrogen
  10. Purging, Electronic Geometry Pigging (EGP), Recommissioning checks and commissioning
  11. PIG is abbreviated as PIPELINE INSPECTION GAUGE

Pneumatic or Hydro Test

The hydro test is to inspect or to check the strength of pipeline according to requirement by filling water & then giving the pressure by PCD (pressure Controlling Device)

What are the Hazards?

  • High-pressure burst by a sudden increase of pressure,
  • Loose connection of hose,
  • The gasket can break,
  • And the effect of the hazard can be from injury to death

What are the Safety Precautions?

  1. Inspection of all testing equipment &devices before each time to start work and pressure should gradually increase,
  2. The calibrated pressure gauge should install on line.
  3. The hose should secure with whip latches.
  4. Pressure controlling device place minimum TEN-10 feet away

Hazards:

  • Unauthorized work activity
  • Inadequate test equipment
  • Pipework under pressure
  • Unauthorized entry
  • Damage hose
  • Overpressure
  • Personnel injury
  • Property damage
  • High-pressure leaks
  • Damaged test pressure gauges,
  • Test pump,
  • Blinds,
  • Flanges,
  • High-pressure hoses, gaskets & connections.
  • Leading to sudden failure and discharge of parts of the system
  • Filling & Dewatering from pipelines

Hydro Test Formula: (0.15) x (D) x (a) ^ 0.4 x (p) ^ 0.6

D: Internal diameter
A: Length/diameter of a piece (m)
P: Test pressure (Bar)

Knowledge Point:

  1. Hydro test periods: steel tank should be every 5 years, fiber
  2. wrapped every 3 or 5 years (depending on DOT-E regulatory if
  3. unsure shall be every 3 years)

Why is Nitrogen Used for Pressure Testing?

The two main areas of Nitrogen gas are used within Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) are for brazing and pressure testing copper coil. Nitrogen [N2] is used during the brazing process to purge oxygen O₂ from the brazed surface. Nitrogen [N2] also prevents the formation of moisture during the leak testing process, thereby eliminating oxidation of the metal

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Sunday, November 22, 2020

November 22, 2020

Heat Stress-Thermal Work Limit (TWL)

What Thermal Work Limit term mean?

TWL is explained as the limiting or maximizing renewable metabolic rate that well-hydrated, acclimatized individuals can maintain in a particular thermal environment, within a safe deep body bottom-line temperature (< 38.2 °C or 100.8 °F) and Sweat Rate (SR) (< 1.2 kilograms or 2.6 lb per hrs.) The index is made for self-paced employees and does not rely on the estimation of real-time metabolic rates, a process that is difficult and subject to considerable error. The index has been introduced into Australia, resulting in a considerable and consistent fall in the incidence of heat illness in the latter.

Thermal Work Limit (TWL):

  1. Enable safe management of work in the heat
  2. Measured in watts per square meter (w/m2)
  3. Calculated from environmental parameters
  4. Employee hydrated & acclimatized to the conditions

TWL Measured in / Readings:

  1. WBGT: Wet Bulb Globe Temperature
  2. TWL: Thermal work limit (w/m2) watts per minute
  3. WORLD Temperature: c’ (decisive by the Radiant Heat-RH) (in degrees °C)
  4. Dry Bulb Temperature (DBT): c’ (ambient air temperature) (in degrees °C)
  5. RELATIVE HUMIDITY (RH):  % WET Bulb Temperature: c’ (determined by the humidity/evaporation) (in degrees °C)
  6. WIND: m/s (in meters per second)

Knowledge Point:

  1. Headaches do happen with little fluid loss (1-2 litres).
  2. Sweat is 99.9% water so change it with water.
  3. Heat Exhaustion greater than 40.6 c’
  4. Sweat Rates (SR) can be up to 1.5 litres/hour

Symptoms of Heat Stress

  • Headache, Dizziness, Weakness, Nausea, Fainting, Colored urine, Inability to think straight, mantel confusion, upset stomach, Clammy skin, moist skin, Mood change such as irritability or confusion, hot dry skin, red skin
  • If you find these types of symptoms immediately take medical help otherwise it may be
  • Dangerous for individual life
  • Workers/employees/people can take precautionary measures to avoid heat stress.
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November 22, 2020

Lifting of Mechanical Grab Excavator

Activities-Job Steps in Sequence

  1. Slings of grab excavator kept on low be trailer will be placed on the hook of the crane properly
  2. Grab excavator
  3. Will be lifted vertically by 1.5 to 2 m from the static position to clear the bed.
  4. Move the grab excavator in the right direction so that any interaction of swinging of the crane does not occur.
  5. Take the Grab Excavator up to the job location where excavation is to be done
  6. Position the Grab Excavator properly to start the excavation process.

Hazards/Risks

  1. Improper Stacking/Body injury
  2. Caught in b/w load and sling/body injury
  3. Uneven and lose surface/toppling of crane
  4. Improper maintenance/crane failure
  5. Untrained operator and signalman/Crane collapse
  6. Improper assessment/Fall of load
  7. Improper barrication/body injury
  8. Free swing of crane/hit to structure or person
  9. Frequent movement of person/body injury
  10. Untrained operator and signalman/fall of frame
  11. Free swing of grab excavator/hit to structure and person
  12. Movement of the unauthorized person close to the excavated area

Consequences: Body injury/ Property damage/Fall of a person

Present Control Measures

  1. The load should be kept on wooden sleepers in a stable position.
  2. Use PPE's
  3. No movement of the load should be allowed while placing the sling on the hook of the crane
  4. Before using crane should be checked and levelled properly.
  5. Periodical maintenance by P&M Dept. should be done and third-party inspection detail form should be attached.
  6. Medical fit and trained operator should be deployed for the operation.
  7. Proper assessment of crane safe working load at the particular 
  8. Proper attention should be paid for any interaction.
  9. No movement of persons is allowed under the load.
  10. Medical fit and trained operator and signalman should be deployed for the operation.
  11. Double leg sling should be used with guide rope at both ends.
  12. Barrication should be provided around the working area and unauthorized entry should be strictly stopped.
  13. No unauthorized person shall be allowed at site location and authorised personal should wear a safety belt and proper attention should be paid all around the area.
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Saturday, November 21, 2020

November 21, 2020

Log Out-Tag Out (LOTO)

What is Lock Out?

Lock out is the process of preventing the flow of energy from a power source to a piece of equipment & keeping it from operating. Lock out is accomplished by installing a lock out device at the power source that equipment powered by that source can’t be operated. A lock out device is a lock, block or chain that keeps a switch, valve or lever in the off position. This is a special lock using for lock out only.

What is Tag Out?

Tag out is practiced by placing a tag on the power/energy source. The tag acts as a warning not restore energy. It is not a physical restriction tags must clearly state DO NOT OPERATE or the like & must be applied by hand.

What is Blinding?

The insert of a blind, spade or spectacle plate, the location of which is specified on an official blind list. Valve closed, isolating the system, put the blind

What is Isolation?

  1. To remove energy either mechanical or electrical e.g. blinding or disconnection
  2. To separate energy either electrical or mechanical 
  3. Positive isolation: means all energy sources to be identified all energy sources must be isolated and residual energy must be eliminated

Kinds of Blinds:

  1. Slip blind
  2. Ring blind 
  3. Spectacle blind,
  4. Flange blind

Safe Isolation:

Stoppage, draining down and blanking the systems during a shutdown assured by:

It is a decisive for the safety of maintenance staff that services are stopped, drained down, blanked etc. and remain in a safe status for the duration of the work

Knowledge Point:

  • Radiation energy, stored energy may be contained.
  • Cable steel/ car steel: flexible wire locks Red for closed and Green for open.
  • Pro lock. Universal system color red and green shall be used with conjunction with tag.
  • Residual stored energy: stored energy may be contained. Available some energy to harm.
  • Group lock out box: used to electrical breakers where can hold only one lock and others locks shall be in group lockout box which is available beside the panel.
  • Above 650 v Isolate and De-isolates done by SAEP (senior authorized electrical person).
  • 250 to 650 v done by IDA (Isolation and De-isolation authority).
  • ICP: Isolation control point.

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November 21, 2020

Types of Hazards

Following are different types of hazards?

1. Chemical Hazards: Dust, gas, fumes, vapour, mist, liquid) of toxemic gasses, smoke. Environmental contamination, particulates.
2. Physical Hazards: Ionizing, non-ionizing, noise, smoking.
3. Ergonomic Hazards: Rules of work Inadequate or Worn Out Chairs, Poor Posture Due to Device Placement, Prolonged Periods of Sitting.
4. Electrical Hazards: Inadequately insulated line wires (wiring, power panels, outlets).
5. Biological Hazards: Bacteria, virus, Fungi etc.
6. Mechanical Hazards: Inadequately guarded machines parts, vehicle, lifting, sheer points, other moving parts etc.
7. Psychological Hazards: Harassment, salary, OT, stress.
8. Environmental Hazards: Sea, desert, weather.
Note: Atmospheric hazards such as oxygen deficiency, presence of flammable gases and vapours, presence of toxic gases and vapours.

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Types of Hazards

Friday, November 20, 2020

November 20, 2020

Portable Drill Machine Inspection Checklist

The below-mentioned SWP will help you avoid critical physical injuries when using an electrical hand-operated drill/hammer machine.

Pre-Operation Inspection 

  1. Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE).
  2. Disconnect the plug from the power source from the drill before inspecting, adjusting, cleaning or repairing.
  3. Make a careful and close inspection of the drill machine and power cord for any critical or minor damage before each use. 
  4. Make an inspection for the drill for any misalignment or binding of its moving parts.
  5. Select a drill bit fit for the size of the drill machine, for the material to be drilled, for example, wood, masonry, metal, etc.
  6. Ensure the drill bit is in stable condition, proper sharp and clean.
  7. Make sure that the bit of the drill is properly seated and tightened with alignment in the chuck.
  8. Always make sure that the chuck key is removed from the chuck.

Operation

  1. Check the material for any fault such as knots and foreign objects for example nails, staples or screws.
  2. Secure the material to be drilled to prevent its movement. Always Clamp small pieces so they do not twist or spin during the drilling process.
  3. Hold the drill machine firmly by the insulated gripping handle. Use an extra handle for larger work or in case of continuous operation.
  4. Overreach in the drilling operation is always full of risk of physical injuries avoid the overreach. 
  5. Keep appropriate footing and balance at all times during the drilling operation.
  6. Keep your hand/fingers, clothes away from the turning bit.
  7. Keep all electrical cords clear and properly tidy of the turning bit.
  8. Always drill a small pilot hole prior drilling a big hole.
  9. Always use the recommended speed of drill machine for the material you are drilling. Slow down the speed just before breaking through the material you are drilling.
  10. Be attentive sawdust and debris from the drilling operation.
  11. When drilling operation is over, unplug the electrical cord or remove the battery pack if it is DC operated, remove the drill bit and clean up the debris properly for the next use.

Post-Operation

  • Always properly clean and store the drill machine and accessories in a secure place.
  • Inform your supervisor before next operation if you find any of the defects regarding any safety and maintenance issues.

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Thursday, November 19, 2020

November 19, 2020

Body Harness Basic Information

The following are some important and basic information for the safe use of Full body Harness:

  1. Lanyard shock absorber fall arresting reduced 65 – 80% max arresting force 1800 pounds
  2. Lanyard length of 1.8 meters (6 feet). Día less than 3/8’’
  3. Shock absorber change 5000 lbs. (2270 kg) when a man falls his weight + speed = 5000 LBS then shock absorber open and changed 5000 LBS to man weight
  4. ABCD: Anchorage, Bodywear, Connector, Declaration device (shock absorber)
  5. PEAS: Personal fall arrest system
  6. Fall protection: Which protect from falling hazards

Clearance From the Ground:

  1. Lanyard length 2 meter
  2. Declaration distance 1.75-meter max (Shock Absorber)
  3. Height of worker 2 meter
  4. Safety factor 1 meter
  5. Total required 6.75 meters from the ground

Knowledge Point:

  1. Size of safety net/mesh opening 36/sqm(230cm) not be longer than 6 inches 915cm) of any side. Centre to centre should be 6 inches only.
  2. 130 lbs min required worker weight to use fall protection. Shock absorber allows a worker to use fall protection.  It’s called small also.
  3. Oil and gas medium weight capacity is 330 lbs.
  4. Limit arresting force 1800 pounds 6’ or free from the ground.
  5. Body harness holding time 5 to 15 minutes only.
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